Social protection can play an important role in poverty reduction and making growth inclusive of the poor. At times, it is also argued that social protection can directly contribute to growth and economic efficiency. The paper revisits the evidence on the cost of social protection to reduce poverty, and its contribution to efficiency and growth. The paper ends with three areas where there could be potentially high growth impacts: social protection focusing on children, especially before the age of five; social protection measures to make migration smoother and cities more attractive places to live for low skilled workers, possibly via urban workfare schemes focusing on urban community asset building; and social protection targeted at adolescents and young adults, including transfers conditional on training focused on urban labor market transitions. http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/
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